Which condition is characterized by inflammation of the gallbladder?

The condition characterized by inflammation of the gallbladder is cholecystitis. This condition often occurs due to the presence of gallstones, which can block the cystic duct, leading to irritation and inflammation of the gallbladder wall. Symptoms commonly include abdominal pain, particularly in the right upper quadrant, fever, nausea, and vomiting.

In this context, appendicitis refers to inflammation of the appendix, not the gallbladder. Gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining, while pneumonitis involves inflammation of the lungs, usually due to infection or an allergic reaction. Each of these conditions affects different organs, underscoring why the inflammation of the gallbladder specifically points to cholecystitis as the correct response.